My first impulse would be Chuubo’s Marvelous Wish-Granting Engine, previously discussed here and here. It takes a fair bit of text to describe the mechanics and conventions of play, so I won’t rehash it all here – you can check out the linked posts for the details.
CMWGE is admittedly still pretty cerebral, though; if you want to dial things down even further and don’t mind glossing over a lot of the flavour, Fate Accelerated Edition is a good general purpose option for wacky YA fantasy adventures with just a hint of metatextual wankery. (And really, would it be Homestuck without at at least a little bit of metatextual wankery?) The way it handles character building is pretty flexible on that front, ranging from straightforward “I get a bonus when I roll to do the thing” all the way up to “my character sheet is literally a list of memes”.
(On the flip side, if you wanted to dial the cerebral bullshit all the way up and break off the goddamn knob – and I’m only adding this because I know somebody will – the only possible answer is Wisher, Theurgist, Fatalist [warning: direct PDF link]. See this previous post for a discussion of its mechanics – for all the good it will do you! – and this post for some brief remarks on running it in alternative settings, including Homestuck.)